莴苣花叶病毒北京分离物基因组3′末端序列分析

笔者通过RT-PCR方法对LMV北京分离物（LMV-BJ）基因组3＇端1620nt的核苷酸片段进行了克隆和序列分析（GenBank登录号为EF423619）。所获片段含有NIb基因3＇端的574nt,编码NIb C-端190个氨基酸;完整的CP基因,全长为834nt,编码一个由277个氨基酸组成的分子量约为30kDa的结构蛋白;3＇非编码区含有209nt。通过序列分析软件将LMV-BJ与已经报道的法国分离物O（X97704）、法国分离物E（X97705）,美国分离物（X65652）,巴西分离物（AJ278854）和余杭分离物（AJ306288）基因组3＇末端和CP基因的核苷酸序列与氨基酸序列分别进行了比较。     

Durum wheat landraces from Syria

Syrian durum wheat landraces from diverse collection sites were evaluated for agronomic performance under arid conditions over two seasons at four locations, at two levels of nutrient availability.Grain yield differed considerably among locations. Within locations, significant population and fertilizer effects were demonstrated. In most cases, maximum yield was achieved by landraces, which demonstrates the breeding value of local germplasm. In a particular environment, the population effect was nonsignificant for total dry matter production, but significant for straw and grain yield. Nitrogen application was ineffective if moisture availability was the dominant growth limiting factor.Correlations between plant characteristics at evaluation and collection site characteristics were limited, and therefore, their utilization in germplasm evaluation appear limited. The negative relation between grain yield and soil nitrogen content at the collection site may be caused by the comparative disadvantage that germplasm from regions with favourable growing conditions has under low-yielding conditions.Particular environmental conditions at the collection site were no indicator for the response to changed growing conditions. Relatively high grain yields under good and adverse growing conditions excluded each other in all but two cases. Also, it was difficult to relate grain yield to regions of collection, as the response of individual landraces from a certain region to changing growing conditions differed strongly. Differentiation on the basis of landrace groups appears more promising. The Hauran landrace group provided the largest number of populations with relatively high grain yields over diverse environments.     

京津冀地区市域及县域蔬菜生产特征分析

利用区位熵指数和K均值聚类算法(K-means)分析了京津冀地区13个市域单元和184个县域单元的蔬菜生产空间分布、集聚程度及分类。结果表明:京津冀地区市域蔬菜生产大致分为紧缩型、发展型和平衡型三类;县域蔬菜生产呈现一定的专业聚集度,区位熵两极分化趋势明显,可根据县域蔬菜生产特征将京津冀地区划分为4个蔬菜生产区。     

阿拉善荒漠区主要盐生植物水势日变化

以内蒙古阿拉善盟荒漠区的代表性盐生植物胡杨(Populus euphratica)、柽柳(Tamarix ramosissima)、梭梭(Haloxylom ammodendron)、沙枣(Elaeagnus angustifolia)和小叶杨(P.simonii)等5种优势植物为研究对象,对其叶片水势的日变化进行了测...     

科尔沁地区3类生产方式下的荒漠化问题研究

科尔沁地区作为我国荒漠化问题的重要研究区域,其荒漠化现状、发展趋势和形成原因一直存在争论.本研究采用野外调查方法,将调查区域分为偏农耕区、偏牧区及农牧混合区进行实地考察与研究,结果发现,近年来不同的生产方式下该区荒漠化形势依然严峻,若不改变现行不合理生产方式,区域荒漠化形势严峻趋势将难以逆转.从根本上说,近期科尔沁地区...     

Supportive effects of human AGM region and fetal liver stromal cells on differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells into hematopoietic stem cells and in vivo hematopoietic reconstitution

AIM: To investigate the differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the supportive effects of human aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region and fetal liver (FL) stromal cells.METHODS: E14 ESCs were induced into embryoid body (EB) first. Then the cells from EB were further co-cultured with human AGM region and FL stromal cells in non-contact system. On day 6, the cells derived from EB were collected for Sca-1⁺c-Kit⁺ cell analysis by flow cytometry, colony forming unit (CFU) assay and teratoma formation checking. BALB/c female mice conditioned with lethal dose of γ-ray irradiation were transplanted with EB cells from different culture systems. The survival rates, engraftment of donor cells, reconstitution of hematopoietic were monitored.RESULTS: Sca-1⁺c-Kit⁺ cells in EB cells co-cultured with human AGM region and FL stromal cells had the value of (21.96±2.54)%, and the total CFU was as (520±52)/10⁵ cells, which were statistically greater than those in EB cells only cultured with human AGM region stromal cells (P＜0.05). No teratoma was found in NOD-SCID mice after subcutaneous injection of EB cells co-cultured with human AGM region and FL stromal cells. In BALB/c female mice transplanted of EB cells co-cultured with human AGM region and FL stromal cells, the survival rate was 77.8%, and the peripheral blood cell count was obviously improved on day 14. PCR results showed the recipients all had sry gene copies from donor in bone marrow. The recipient mice transplanted with EB cells only cultured with human AGM region stromal cells all died within 15 days.CONCLUSION: Stromal cells from human AGM region and FL enhance the directed differentiation of ESCs into HSCs which can reconstruct hematopoiesis in vivo.     

环渤海湾地区主要梨园树体矿质营养元素状况研究

 以叶片矿质营养元素含量作为树体营养诊断的依据,对环渤海湾地区有代表性的203个梨园树体矿质营养状况及相应土壤养分状况进行了研究,结果表明：（1）该地区81% ~ 97%的梨园叶片P、Ca、Mg、Fe含量处于适宜状态,26% ~ 40%的梨园叶片N、K、Zn含量偏低。（2）除Mg、Zn外,不同梨树品种间叶片中矿质营养含量差异明显。与其它品种相比,苹果梨N、P含量较高,而K含量偏低;莱阳茌梨N含量较低,而P、K含量较高;砀山酥梨N、P、K含量均偏低。（3）初步筛选出N/P、Mg/P、Zn/P、K/Mg、Ca/Mg、Zn/Mg作为该地区梨园营养诊断与施肥建议综合法的营养诊断参数,低产梨园各元素需肥顺序大致为Mg > P > Ca > K > Zn > N > Fe。（4）土壤pH与梨树叶片中Ca、Mg含量呈极显著正相关,与Zn呈极显著负相关;土壤有机质含量与梨树叶片中N、Mg含量呈极显著正相关;叶片N、K、Ca、Mg、Zn含量与其所对应的土壤有效态养分均呈极显著或显著正相关。     

半干旱退化山区不同土地利用方式土壤物理性质的特征分析

通过对宁夏南部半干旱退化山区不同土地利用方式土壤物理性质的定位监测,结果表明:半干旱退化山区采取不同土地利用方式,改善了土壤结构和肥力,增加了土壤的通透性,改变了土壤水肥气热状况。但不同措施对土壤理化性质的改善具有一定的差异性,"88542"水平沟整地(林地)对土壤的改良效果最好。     

广东南岭保护区的基本特点和有效管理的展望

广东省南岭保护区是广东省面积最大的保护区,它由分散的分别属于3个县市管辖的5个部分组成,总面积58 368.4 ha;南岭保护区生物多样性和文化多样性丰富多彩。文章就如何开展有效管理提出以下建议:1)健全和完善保护区的建制;2)重视科研监测工作的建设;3)加强宣传教育和培训工作;4)充分发挥资源优势,发动社区共同建立新的生物多样性产业;5)注意生态旅游的发展。     

宜昌大老岭地区薇菜的自然分布及人工繁殖技术研究

薇菜是1种具有经济开发潜力的食用蕨类植物,但其经济利用受到野生资源量的限制。为了探讨其适宜的生长条件和繁殖方式,作者对宜昌大老岭地区的野生薇菜种群进行了野外调查和人工繁殖试验。研究表明:①偏好以软阔树种占优势的中、成龄森林立地,成熟针叶林和中、成龄硬阔林立地次之;以海拔900~1 500 m最为适宜;分布以北坡为主。②利用野生母株繁殖,生长快、见效早;孢子繁殖母株培育时间长,但投入产出比低,经济效益好。③薇菜对土壤肥力要求高,施高效叶面肥能快速促进其生长,提高单位面积产量。